netzherpes - lassen sie mich arzt, ich bin durch

A short little BASIC game

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Tue, 31 Aug 2021 06:11:11 GMT

I was a little bored yesterday in my lunchbreak, so I read old magazines on archive.org. Creative Computing, to be precise, a magazin for computer hobbyists, published from '74 to '85 by David Ahl.
I found a short BASIC program in issue 1-77 called STRIKE 9 - a little dice game.
It was typed in fast and worked out of the box in vintage basic.
Proud as oscar I showed the result on twitter, and the original author, Bruce Grembowski stated:

Written in 1975, actually. Honeywell BASIC on an HDR timeshare system using a dial-up Teletype. My first program. It was a simpler time.
— Bruce Grembowski (@BruceGrembowski) August 30, 2021

Another piece of software restored. Grab it here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1mFb7QHregk4Rs53HDGboMERwMhcgm-3u/view?usp=sharing

have fun,
webdoktor

Software Archaeology

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sun, 08 Aug 2021 05:29:24 GMT

There was this small entry on hansotten.nl about a line editor for the KIM-1 called Ledip. Not much infos were given, except some scanned pages of Dr.Dobbs journal issue 29. including the manual and sourcecode (see the end of the page)

Sadly the scans were, well, not very usable.
8 and B and D and 0 were indistinguishable. Litterally.
The author of the program, Kiumi Akingbehin, meanwhile Professor at the Michigan University, was so kind to send me another scan. Slightly better, but still far away from being readable.

But I gave it a try anyway and needed like three days to type this little program in and compile it.
There were lots of tons of Typos by myself, but with the help of hjm and Hans Otten and their eagle eyes, all errors were found and now this 43 year old piece of software history is revived again, ready to play with.

https://netzherpes.de/Ledip.zip

Instructions:
Load the papertape into your KIM-1, clone or the fabulous iOS Emulator "VirtualKIM"
Start the Program at place 2000 (mem expansion required)
It will now ask for a starting adress, where the text should be stored. any free space is possible, like $3000. This Value is very important later and wil be stored in the Zero Page. MbegL $d5 and MbegH $d6 The End adresses (MendL $d3 and MendH $d4) are updated with every line you type, modify, delete, insert. A lot of Memory shuffeling is going on, when you insert a line in between two existing lines of text: Copy the upfollowing lines exact the ammount of bytes upwards as the inserted text is long and change the end address... Brainf*ck if you look at the sources. Amazing and perfect RAM saving when memory was rare.

The Folowing commands are accepted:

- Add text with a 4 digit line number: 0010 Hello World!
- LIST lists the text with line numbers
- TEXT lists the text without line numbers
- FILE gives you all needed memory locations to save the text: Zero pages, the program itself and the textarea.
- EXIT ... guess.
- CLEAR delete everything

Thanks to: Kiumi Akingbehin, HJM and Hans Otten for their Help,

Have fun, stay childish,
Yours
Webdoktor

UPDATE:
let's say you have an existing text on your pc and want to convert it in a way, that LEDIP can process it. The syntax in linux or cygwin is as follows:

nl -nrz -w4 -s\  text_in.txt > text_out.txt

(important are the 2 spaces after -s\)

Pro Tipp:
Good textfiles can be found here

:P

Demo for the piGFX Terminal

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sun, 01 Aug 2021 13:11:21 GMT

Here is a short Demo for the piGFX Terminal Emulator, written in Basic ;)

1 PRINT CHR$(27);"[2J";
2 PRINT CHR$(27);"[50;60H";
3 PRINT "piGFX TEST on a PAL-1"
4 FOR K=1 TO 100
5 NEXT K
6 PRINT CHR$(27);"[=1m"
9 FOR I=1 TO 50
10 GOSUB 80:X$=D$
11 GOSUB 80:Y$=D$
12 GOSUB 80:W$=D$
13 GOSUB 80:H$=D$
14 GOSUB 80:CO$=D$
29 PRINT CHR$(27);"[38;5;";CO$;"m";
30 PRINT CHR$(27);"[#";X$;";";Y$;";";W$;";";H$;"r";
40 NEXT I
41 PRINT CHR$(27);"[2J"
49 FOR J = 1 TO 50 
50 GOSUB 80:X$=D$
51 GOSUB 80:Y$=D$
52 GOSUB 80:W$=D$
54 GOSUB 80:CO$=D$
59 PRINT CHR$(27);"[38;5;";CO$;"m";
60 PRINT CHR$(27);"[#";X$;";";Y$;";";W$;"c";
61 NEXT J
62 PRINT: PRINT CHR$(27);"[20;20H";
63 PRINT "Thats it folks. Greetings to"
64 GOSUB 80:X$=D$:GOSUB 80:Y$=D$
65 PRINT: PRINT CHR$(27);"[";X$;";";Y$;"H";"JOHN, LIU"
66 GOSUB 80:X$=D$:GOSUB 80:Y$=D$
67 PRINT: PRINT CHR$(27);"[";X$;";";Y$;"H";"HANS, HJM"
68 GOSUB 80:X$=D$:GOSUB 80:Y$=D$
69 PRINT: PRINT CHR$(27);"[";X$;";";Y$;"H";"And all the rest of the ";
70 PRINT "KIM-1 Crew"
71 PRINT CHR$(27);"[=0m"
79 END
80 REM Random Generator wo leading Space
81 A=RND(2):A=RND(2)*300
82 B=INT(A):C$=STR$(B):D$=MID$(C$,2)
83 RETURN

A Graphics Card for my KIM-1 Clone

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Thu, 29 Jul 2021 12:31:59 GMT

I've talked a lot lately about my newest achievement, my PAL-1, a KIM-1 clone.
(here), here, here and (here)...
Now I've got what it takes to Convert him into a real usable desktop computer:

The Graphics Card for my PAL-1

It is basically a Raspberry Pi Zero with the fabulous PiGFX system, a bare metal terminal emulator with HDMI output and support for USB and PS/2 Keyboards as well as rudimentry file transfers from the sd card.

From the Website:

PiGFX is a bare metal kernel for the Raspberry Pi that implements a basic ANSI terminal emulator with the additional support of some primitive graphics functions. It can be driven by pushing characters to the raspi UART. Additional functions like changing text color, moving the cursor or clear the screen can be invoked via ANSI escape codes. The result is that you can easily add an HDMI display output to your embedded project without the hassle of directly generate the video signal.

Means: You can load sprites, draw circles or triangles or rectangles. You can change the font, and change foreground and background colors and paint whereever you want on the screen.

What do you need?
a Raspberry Pi (10�) and a Level shifter 232 to ttl (2�)

Occuring problems during the build:
- The selection of the sd card is tricky. The website states it has to be an older and smaller card, I bought a 32gb card, which did not work. (I've found an abandoned card in my drawer later with only 8 gig, which did the job). Patition it to 1gb! FAT or FAT32. The bare metal sd driver is more than picky.

- The level shifter I ordered (https://www.pollin.de/p/rs232-ttl-wandler-mit-max3232-810358 ) had already crossed TX - RX lines, so a direct connection did not work. I rewired the RS232 connector on the levelshifter board, and it workd immediately (a real dirtyhack)

- The config file needs the following values:
baudrate = 2400
replaceLFwithCR = 1
and last but not least, if you use the pigfx version from the filetransfer branch
[Filetransfer]
fileSendCharDelay = 50
fileSendLineDelay = 200

I hope someone follows me and we can set up loading routines for the normal monitor.

Stay childish,
yours,
webdoktor

Basic Games for your KIM-1

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sun, 20 Jun 2021 18:14:41 GMT

Since Apple Basic has been ported to the KIM-1, there are three working Basic interpreters:

Tiny Basic,
MS Basic and
Apple Basic

I found some old Basic games for old interpreters in the Book
"Basic Computer Games"
and "More Basic Computer games"
by David H. Ahl
(All available on my g.drive)

These games have to be fitted for the KIM-1 and its restrictions, but I got at least 2 working:

Roulette
and
Pinball

So if you own a KIM-1 or a clone and you are able to run MS Basic, go on and try out the games...

Have fun,
webdoktor

The USB2GameBoy Link Cable

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sat, 12 Jun 2021 13:46:36 GMT

... and how to play the original Gameboy Tetris against players in the whole world.

Dear Ladies and Gentlemen, I introduce to you the

USB to GameBoy Link Cable

This little adapter (a 4$ RaspberryPi pico equipped with some levelshifters and the plug for the Link Cable) makes it possible to connect to a server, where players around the globe can compete.
The creator, Stacksmashing, offers prebuild pcb's where you only have to solder the RaspberryPi Pico.

Do I need to say that I ordered the Hardware immediately?
Soldering was straight forward and easy, and would be even for beginners and programming the PiPico is literally just drag and drop.
After connecting the hardware you have to visit the site https://tetris.stacksmashing.net/ with the chrome or edge browser (as they allow webUSB).

Your running Tetris game will automatically be detected, and you can join or create a round. Finding opponents works for example through the inventors discord channel ( https://discord.gg/YASkVQY5Pr ). Really nice people are awaiting other players.

A round can host up to 6 players at once.

It is really a fun toy with hopefully more applications to come.
Ach so: I won,

Stay childish
Yours,
WebDoc

KIM-1 ROM Board expansion

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Wed, 26 May 2021 05:48:52 GMT

My KIM-1 clone ('PAL-1') is growing fast.
After the fabulous dTR Masss Storage by Willem Aandewiel, I got a real Audio-in/Audio-out Expansion Card from Liu:

You see an newly produced Tape Deck sending Data to the brandnew 32k KIM-1 Clone equipped with a brandnew Cassette Interface Kit.

But we haven't reached the end yet. James 'Jim' McClanahan tinkered a bitbit and build a ROM Board containing the most needed Tools for your PAL-1:
https://github.com/w4jbm/PAL-1-6502-SBC/blob/main/ROM/README.md
And Liu was fast enough to immediately produce this boards :D

IMO, this is definitely a killer application on PAL-1, from Jim with passions, coming soon on Tindie! pic.twitter.com/O57fkYENBo
— Liu Ganning (@LiuGN) May 21, 2021

As of today, the ROM Boards are available on Tindie, just visit Liu's shop:
https://www.tindie.com/stores/tkoak/

BTW: My KIM-1 Archive is growing and growing. If you are looking for software or books, just come over to my g.drive

Stay curious
yours,
webdoktor

Mass Storage for your KIM-1

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sun, 18 Apr 2021 12:47:57 GMT

Storage devices for your KIM-1 microcomputer were traditional either Tape drives or Punched Paper Tape solutions.
The possibility to connect the KIM's and it's clones via the serial connection to a modern PC helped a lot for transfering the ASCII data of a papertape to the KIM-1.
Yet Tape devices became more and more obsolete and its not that easy to buy cassettes nowadays.
Of course you can serve the wave file over the lineout / linein connection of your computer also, but Willem Andewiel figured out a way to simplify it a lot:

The Kim direct Tape Recorder "dTR"

https://willem.aandewiel.nl/index.php/2021/02/20/digital-tape-recorder-for-the-kim-1-and-clones/

The files are stored on an ESP Microcontroller (with wifi access) and can be played back directly to the Tape I/O Line of the KIM; you can also save files from the KIM on the EPS. This works as well for original KIM-1s as for newer Clones.

Via the microcontrollers webinterface you can upload and download files.

How to get files on to the dTR?
When you load files via Papertape (Terminal) to the KIM, you can store them afterwards on the virtual tape. Another option is to convert the papertape files direct with a program called ptp2hex and upload them via WIFI to the digital Tape Recorder. The Program is available as sourcecode on Willems Github: https://github.com/mrWheel/KIM_TapeDevice/tree/master/papertapeConverter
It was originally written for Mac's, to compile it for windows (cygwin) I needed to adjust it a bit:
Replace Line 24 with "#include " ,
in Line 151 replace the "int eol = strlen(lineIn) -5;" by "int eol = strlen(lineIn) -6;" under windows the end of the line is 2 characters long - we need to cut off one more at the end of a papertape line ...
As I am the only one in the world using this tapedevice under windows, it makes no sense to share it, i guess...
anyway: https://netzherpes.de/ptp2hex.zip is the *.exe
Thats it. Place it in your cygwin home folder.

Here is a little demo video of the dTR in action:

So long,
yours, webdoktor

TinyBasic

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sun, 07 Mar 2021 07:05:10 GMT

Tiny Basic is another Basic Client for old Microcontroller Computers.
It's famous for its very little size. For example, it is running on an KIM-1 with only 4K of RAM.

The original author Tom Pittman tells the story of it's creation:

In 1976 at the HomeBrew Computer Club (HBCC), there was a lot of whining about Bill Gates charging $150 for his Basic interpreter. Dennis Allison responded by printing a "Build Your Own [tiny] Basic" article, so I asked if anybody would buy it if it cost only $5. There seemed to be some affirmation, so I wrote my interpreter. Others jumped on the same article, and I wasn't the first done, but I wanted to be paid for my efforts. As far as I know, nobody at HBCC bought it, but I sent a freebie to Byte magazine and they printed a 1-inch announcement. The next month my mailbox was full of orders, every one with $5. I didn't get rich off it, but it did pay a lot of my expenses at grad school.

One of the most obscure Computer magazines formed around this Tiny Basic:
Dr. Dobb's Journal of COMPUTER Calisthenics & Orthodontia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Dobb%27s_Journal It lasted 38 Years till 2014 (!)

If you want to try it yourself, go ahead and find some Interpreter for your system on Tom's Page http://www.ittybittycomputers.com/IttyBitty/TinyBasic/

If you have a KIM or a KIM Clone, I found two working versions; one for 4K Ram, one for KIMs with MEM Expansions.
Both run from Adress 0200. Remember to always clear your decimal flags!

Get it here: netzherpes.de/Tiny_KIM.zip

Have Fun
Yours
webdoc

Microsoft Basic for the KIM-1 as papertape

webdoktor@netzherpes.de (webdoktor) — Sun, 28 Feb 2021 08:31:34 GMT

and its working: netzherpes.de/kb9_found.pap

Way to success:
1. Load kb9_found.pap
2. Reset
3. 00F1 00.
4. 4065 G


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